Thursday, May 24, 2018

Personality Of The Day : Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit




Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (/ˈfærənˌhaɪt/; German: [ˈfaːʀənhait]; 24 May 1686 – 16 September 1736) was a Polish/Dutch physicist,engineer, and glass blower who is best known for inventing the mercury-in-glass thermometer (1714), and for developing atemperature scale now named after him.


Fahrenheit  Scale :
According to Fahrenheit's 1724 article, he determined his scale by reference to three fixed points of temperature. The lowest temperature was achieved by preparing a frigorific mixture of ice, water, and ammonium chloride (a salt), and waiting for it to reach equilibrium. The thermometer then was placed into the mixture and the liquid in the thermometer allowed to descend to its lowest point. The thermometer's reading there was taken as 0 °F. The second reference point was selected as the reading of the thermometer when it was placed in still water when ice was just forming on the surface This was assigned as 32 °F. The third calibration point, taken as 96 °F, was selected as the thermometer's reading when the instrument was placed under the arm or in the mouth.
Fahrenheit came up with the idea that mercury boils around 300 degrees on this temperature scale. Work by others showed that water boils about 180 degrees above its freezing point. The Fahrenheit scale later was redefined to make the freezing-to-boiling interval exactly 180 degrees, a convenient value as 180 is a highly composite number, meaning that it is evenly divisible into many fractions. It is because of the scale's redefinition that normal body temperature today is taken as 98.2 degrees whereas it was 96 degrees on Fahrenheit's original scale.
The Fahrenheit scale was the primary temperature standard for climatic, industrial and medical purposes in English-speaking countries until the 1960s.

Thursday, May 17, 2018

Nagpur engineering Talib Ilmu Ka karnama

Users own and control their data, says Zuckerberg

Facebook may offer subscription service without ads Users own and control the data they share on Facebook, its founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg repeatedly told American lawmakers, who remained skeptical of this argument through two Congressional hearings on the company’s privacy policy on Tuesday and Wednesday. Assurance on India Facebook is committed to ensuring the integrity of elections in countries like India, Pakistan and the U.S., Mr. Zuckerberg told the hearings, attended by at least 42 Senators. Personalised advertisement driven by data analytics will remain the mainstay of Facebook’s business model, though the company might offer a subscription model that will shield users from advertisements and offer more protection for their data, Mr. Zuckerberg said. “We think offering an ad-supported service is the most aligned with our mission of trying to help connect everyone in the world, because we want to offer a free service that everyone can afford.” Facebook is committed to ensuring the integrity of elections in countries like India, Pakistan and the U.S., Mr. Zuckerberg told the hearing. He was questioned for nearly five hours by senators over the Cambridge Analytica scandal that has shaken the social media giant. The hearing, attended by at least 42 Senators, had many light moments but the 33-year-old CEO largely appeared strained, trying to explain the company’s technology and business model, without admitting to charges of inadequate data protection. Mr. Zuckerberg sidestepped several questions that are at the heart of the privacy debate. Senator Kamala Harris from California, where the company is headquartered, catalogued them, four hours into the hearing. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/users-own-and-control-their-data-says-zuckerberg/article23507393.ece

Monday, May 07, 2018

SKILLS SPEAK LOUDER THAN DEGREES

Vaibhav Vats on why skills are being given prominence over academic achievements and multiple degrees

Choose a path you love’, ‘follow your heart’ – these are the most hackneyed lines, which have been repeated so many times that they have lost their relevance. While students are always advised to do what they love the most, it changes as soon as they grow up and have to make choices. Not many youngsters including their parents muster the courage to do what they love. Indian youngsters rarely think beyond acquiring a degree that makes them employable.
In today’s world, multiple qualifications sometimes do not fetch you a dream job, but skill-based courses can. However, the dilemma over skills versus degrees happens all over the world. This is because there is a huge risk involved in making life-changing decisions about the career. Even if a person has a strong belief in one’s abilities, it is not easy to convert the passion into a career choice. We come across many engineers passionate about music, who nurture an angst in their heart all their life for not being able to take the right decision at the right time.
Lately, however, we have seen a growing trend among the youngsters, who decide to choose vocations that utilise their existing skills instead of the degrees with which they walk out of academic institutions. But this has been brought about by the increasing number of alternatives and available information over the internet, opening up avenues for people with talent in various skills to build an audience or a target customer base. From digital marketing to cooking, acting to event planning, there is an appreciation of high-level skill set in any profession.
>> EMBRACE YOUR SKILLS
Our current curriculum is 70% theory and 30% practical, thus obliterating any scope for skill development. For instance, we have automobile engineers who can explain in 15 steps on paper how to change a car tyre, but may have never done it physically. In fact, one of the biggest problems MNCs face while recruiting in our country is the lack of necessary industry-relevant skill set in professionals, even among those with high academic merit. The government wants to tackle this scenario with initiatives, such as Skill India and organisations, such as the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), with an aim of making around 78 million Indians skilled in various vocations, in the next 10 years.
By 2020, India will become the youngest country in the world, with an average age of 29. As the unemployment scenario worsens, the Indian youth need to gradually try and identify skills that distinguish them from the crowd. It is important to create a niche of their own, rather than hinging their entire future on a piece of a paper, owned by several other youngsters. With the threat of automation also looming large, it is time to shine a spotlight on faculties, such as singing, dancing, acting, art, sculpture and other nonmechanisable skills. Also, focussing more on digital world and learning its tropes by pursuing courses, such as digital marketing, new media communication, graphic designing etc. is extremely important in the current day and age.
>> PICK YOUR MENTOR
Youngsters today have information overload and have millions of mentoring sources to guide them towards their chosen path. An honest selfintrospection to identify the skills, devise a blueprint to follow a particular path in the most efficient manner and identify the best category or niche wherein one can rise to the top – is much needed. This is better than just lingering on an average threshold. Even ace tennis player Leander Paes, after winning an Olympics singles’ bronze medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, opted to play doubles in the future. He identified a better possibility of him becoming one of the best doubles and mixed doubles player of all times than remaining on the periphery of greatness in the singles circuit. Identification of skills, persistence in practice, smart choices and grabbing the right opportunities – all of these factors together contribute to success, but it all begins with knowing the ‘gift’ you have.

Source: Times of India | 7th May 2018

Open book exam part of reforms

AICTE says that open book exams for engineering courses, if approved, will only be used to test few competencies

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) last week submitted a proposal to the Ministry of Human Resources (MHRD) to include open book examinations as a part of its Exam Reform Policy for various engineering courses.
The proposal, if approved, will only be used to test some competencies of the engineering students. “This is an evolving process and will be a part of the exam reform policy of the model curriculum. We have just introduced the idea and will take time to implement it,” says Rajive Kumar, Advisor –I(P&- AP), AICTE. He adds the AICTE has, other than the open book exam, introduced Bloom’s taxonomy framework to set question papers. Bloom’s taxonomy is a set of three hierarchical models used to classify educational learning objectives into levels of complexity and specificity. The three lists cover the learning objectives in cognitive, affective and sensory domains.

WHAT IS AN OPEN BOOK EXAM?

An open book examination is an assessment method designed in a way that allows students to refer to either notes or summaries, textbooks, or other approved material while answering the questions. An open book exam can also mean that students are provided with exam questions prior to sitting the formal exam

Kumar says, “A need was felt to revise the curriculum as students were studying the syllabus that had not been revised for 10-15 years. Irrelevant courses have been removed and new technologies have been introduced.”