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Before beginning
treatment, you must tell your doctor about all allergic reactions
Millions of
people are obliged to antibiotics life and health. But there are those who have
suffered from medication due to their side effects. The worst “effects” –
anaphylactic shock. He, fortunately, is rare – one case per 80-100 thousand
patients. But, if you remember how often we prescribe antibiotics “just in case”,
it is necessary to know what medications should be treated with extreme
caution. More about this will tell the therapist Valentina Andreichenko.
Side
effects of antibiotics
Antibiotics side
effects does not exist. All of them, at least, cause so-called dysbiosis
(intestinal disorder). From penicillin and cephalexin often allergic.
Gentamicin may have an adverse effect on the kidneys and the auditory nerve,
Tetracyclinum – on a liver, polymyxin – on the nervous system chloramphenicol
on hematopoietic system. After taking the erythromycin often causes nausea and
vomiting, the big doses of Levomycetinum cause hallucinations and decreased
vision.
There are two
main reasons side effects of antibiotics: insufficient qualification of the
doctor or self-medication. More than 1/3 of all cases of antibiotic
prescribing, correct enough. Unfortunately, in recent times, some doctors
prescribe antibiotics “just in case” or for the prevention, not caring about
the history of the patient.
What to speak of
the self! After all, if the neighbor (sister, friend, godmother, etc.) has
helped these pills, you certainly they are suitable. And then months patients
being treated for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or candidiasis.
But severe
complications is rare cases. Unfortunately, predicting them is almost
impossible.
Allergy
from antibiotics
Most
antibiotics, you can expect allergic reactions. They are very diverse – from
very light, sometimes passing unnoticed (minor skin rash, intermittent
low-grade fever, swelling at the injection site of the drug, itching, burning),
to severe, sometimes ending in the death of the patient (anaphylactic shock,
laryngeal edema, lung, brain).
In 80% of cases of anaphylactic shock caused penicillin
bitsillin. There is even the expression “penicillin death.” Shock may develop
with the introduction of even a small quantity of the drug, for example, 5-10
IU of benzylpenicillin. There have been cases of shock as a result of
intradermal and conjunctival diagnostic tests with benzylpenicillin.
The symptoms of anaphylactic shock
Shock occurs in different ways: from small, sometimes
patients don’t even notice the atypical phenomena, to death after a few
minutes. Sudden severe weakness, anxiety, shortness of breath, dyspnea, cough,
sensation of pressure in the chest, fear of death, the pallor, cold sweat. The
patient’s condition is rapidly deteriorating, dizziness, severe itching, fever,
chills, pain in the stomach and heart, nausea, vomiting, redness of the skin,
tachycardia, a sharp pressure drop, impaired vision and hearing.
In more severe cases the patient loses consciousness,
increases cardio-pulmonary insufficiency, does not exclude the spasm of the
larynx, collapse. A person can die within 5-30 minutes, especially if you do
not receive timely quality care.
At the first disturbing symptoms need tight bandage
tourniquet the arm above the site of injection when administered intravenously
and immediately call “fast”. The patient may die in a few days due to the heavy
changes in the internal organs, most often from acute liver failure,
gastrointestinal bleeding, lesions of the cardiovascular system.
Moved anaphylactic shock and other complications immediate
type are an absolute contraindication for prescription of penicillins
(especially bitsillina) and streptomycin.
Prevention of adverse reactions
To prevent allergic reactions be sure to tell your doctor (if
he asked) about the features of the previous treatment, in particular
antibiotics, as they previously tolerated. Please pay special attention to
allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, hay fever, etc.) or allergies to
chemicals, food substances, pollen.
